Traditional Beads, Necklaces and Bangles – The History and Significance

Traditional Beads, Necklaces and Bangles – The History and Significance

Beads play significant roles in the culture, fashion, economic and artistic expressions of the Nigerian people. Their existence date back to the Nok culture, between 900BC to 2000 AD. Beads are unique and symbolic to different tribes in Nigeria. They indicate a strong social influence and power among members of the royal family and sometimes serve as a symbol of wealth among religious and traditional members of the society. These cultural objects are also important costumes worn by both bride and groom in most Nigerian weddings. Tag along as we discuss the history and significance of beads to the Nigerian culture.

Ancient Beads

Old African beads are products of different natural materials. Some of the oldest beads were made from stones, woods, metals, glass, clay or plant materials such as bamboo stems and palm nuts. The quality, colours and texture of these materials are maintained and combined in different ways to produce colourful necklaces, bangles and bracelets. 

In the past, beads buried with traditional rulers such as kings and chiefs were discovered in ancient African graves by archaeologists. Thus, owning or wearing one of these beauties is believed to bring hope, good luck, wisdom and wealth.

Read Also: Yoruba Waistbeads

Beads as Valuables

In the past and currently in some parts of the country, these handmade jewellery are valued as great art pieces and as mediums of exchange.

Benin Coral Beads

Coral beads are deeply rooted in the Benin culture. They are customarily worn for marriages, traditional and funeral rites and depict strong social standing amongst members of the community. The Benin culture boast of two main types of coral beads which are Ivie and Ekan. Ivie is considered the most prestigious of the two and can be found in scarlet, medium pink hues and rose. Ekan on the other hand is stone-like in appearance with long threads of dark colour intermingled with strips of steel grey. The coral bead is associated with royalty and a symbol of wealth especially among the traditional members of the society.

Hausa Beads

The Hausa-Fulani beads are handcrafted by the Hausa-Fulani tribe with richness and depth that make them uniquely attractive. It is no wonder they dominated the bead trade by travelling to locate, modify and resell beads to both local and foreign merchants. 

Beads are created in various shapes, colours and diverse designs. Some of Nigeria’s most remarkable beaded crafts come from the crowns of the Yoruba, Igbo, and Benin kings.